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Abacus · Ages 7+ · Set A
Taking away in your head
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A
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Goal: 15 min
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Remember: Picture the beads. Take the tens first, then the ones. If the ones row is short, break one ten into ten ones.

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Read the story, then answer.

Pebbles at the beachMia has 64 pebbles. She gives Ben 30. Thirty is three tens, so only the tens row slides back. Six tens take away three tens leave three tens, and the ones stay still: 34. Another day Mia has 52 pebbles and Ben wants 7. The ones row has only two, so she takes the two first. Five are still to take, so she breaks one ten into ten ones and takes five. That leaves 45.
1
Mia gives away 30 pebbles. Which row do the beads slide back from?
The tens rowThe ones row
2
Take the tens first. 76 − 30 =
3
Does 48 − 5 need a break?
YesNo
4
Which one breaks a ten?
57 − 457 − 857 − 20
5
Does 71 − 6 need a break?
YesNo
6
Which frame shows 40 − 6?
A
B
C

Breaks, order and fixes

7
The ones row is short. 73 − 5 =
8
Take the tens, then break a ten. 80 − 24 =
9
Join each take-away to its answer.
  1. 168 − 5
  2. 294 − 30
  3. 351 − 7
  4. 470 − 8
  • A63
  • B62
  • C44
  • D64
10
Put the steps for taking away in your head in order.
  • Take away the tens
  • Take away the ones, breaking a ten if the row is short
  • Picture the first number on the frame
11
Ben says 62 − 8 = 66 because 8 − 2 = 6. Is he right?
YesNo
12
Mia pictures 93 − 38. What is the answer?
556556
13
Draw the beads left when you take 3 from 45.
14
Make up a take-away where a ten must break. Write it.
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Answer key · Set A
Taking away in your head
1The tens row Thirty is three tens, so only the tens row moves back.
246 Seven tens take away three tens leave four tens. The ones stay still.
3No The ones row has eight, which is enough for five. Nothing breaks.
457 − 8 The ones row has only seven, and eight is more, so a ten breaks into ten ones.
5Yes The ones row has only one bead and six is more, so a ten breaks into ten ones.
6C Break a ten into ten ones and take six: three tens and four ones, 34.
768 Break a ten into ten ones. Thirteen take away five is eight, and six tens are left.
856 Two tens leave six tens. Then break a ten: ten take away four is six, and five tens are left.
91-A, 2-D, 3-C, 4-B Take the tens first, then the ones, and break a ten when the ones row is short.
102, 3, 1 Tens first, then ones.
11No The ones row has only two, so a ten breaks into ten ones. 62 − 8 = 54.
1255 Three tens leave six tens, 63. Then eight from the three ones needs a break: 63 − 8 = 55.
14Your own words: a grown-up reads it.
Mark each answer, count the right ones and write the score on the sheet.