Three groups of five: ten ones traded for a ten, and five more.
The big ideaTimes is equal groups. Sharing is times turned backwards.
How it works
Times means equal groups: three groups of five is three times five.
On the frame, slide five across, then five more. When the row is full, ten ones trade for a ten.
Sharing is times turned backwards: three plates of four make twelve, so twelve shared among three is four.
Three, four and twelve belong together in a family of facts, so a times fact gives the share.
Three plates of four apples: twelve in all.Times four: double, then double again.
Example 1: Three times five
Slide five beads across for the first crate.
Five more fill the row, so ten ones trade for a ten.
Five more slide on: one ten and five ones.
3 × 5 = 15.
Example 2: Times four: 4 × 8
Double 8 is 16.
Double 16 is 32.
So 4 × 8 = 32.
Example 3: Sharing: 12 ÷ 3
Deal twelve apples one at a time onto three plates.
Each plate gets four.
Check with times: 3 × 4 = 12.
So 12 ÷ 3 = 4.
Example 4: Turn the dots
Two rows of eight dots make 16.
Turn them on their side and there are eight rows of two.
Nothing is added and nothing is lost: 2 × 8 = 16 and 8 × 2 = 16.
Example 5: Use a times fact: 20 ÷ 4
Ask: four times what is twenty?
4 × 5 = 20.
So twenty shared among four is five: 20 ÷ 4 = 5.
Words to know
times
Equal groups. Three times five means three groups of five.
share
Deal equal amounts to each, one at a time.
double
Two times a number.
family of facts
Times and sharing facts that use the same three numbers, like 3, 4 and 12.
Watch out
Times is equal groups, not adding the two numbers. 3 × 4 = 12, not 7.
Sharing must be equal: every plate gets the same.
Turning the groups round gives the same total.
Check a share by multiplying back.
Try it
What is 3 × 5?
What is 4 × 6?
Twenty stickers are shared among four friends. How many does each get?
What is 18 ÷ 3?
Answers: 1. 15 · 2. 24 · 3. 5 · 4. 6
Try at homeAsk a grown-up for twelve small things, like buttons. Deal them onto three plates one at a time, and say how many are on each. Then say the times fact that goes with it, and try twenty-four with four plates!
For grown-upsShare twelve small things, like buttons, onto three plates one at a time and say how many are on each. Then say the times fact that goes with it, and try twenty-four with four plates.
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