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Abacus · Ages 7+ · Set A
Multiplying by one digit
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A
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Goal: 15 min
Score/ 12
Remember: Multiply the ones, trade up, then multiply the tens and add the tens that traded up.

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The bracelet orderMia and Ben ran a bracelet stall at the school fair. Every bracelet needed twenty-six beads. A girl ordered four bracelets, so Ben had to find four times twenty-six. He used the frame and started with the ones. Four times six makes twenty-four ones. A row holds only ten, so he traded two tens up and kept four ones. Then he did the tens. Four times two tens makes eight tens, and the two traded tens made ten tens in all. That row was full, so he traded ten tens up for one hundred.
1
Ben starts with the ones. Four times six makes ones.
2
A row holds only ten beads. What does Ben do with 24 ones?
Slide all 24 ones acrossTrade two tens up, keep four onesThrow away the extra ones
3
Four times two tens makes tens.
4
Eight tens and the two traded tens make tens.
5
The tens row is full with ten tens. Ten tens trade up for what?
one hundredten onesone more ten
6
Which frame shows Ben's answer, 4 × 26?
A
B
C

On the frame

7
Mia packs 5 bags of 18 beads. 5 × 18 =
8
Seven times sixteen makes one hundred two.
TrueFalse
9
Four times nineteen makes seventy-six.
TrueFalse
10
Ben says 3 × 14 = 32. What did he forget?
To start with the onesTo count the ones twiceTo add the ten that traded up
11
Put the steps in order.
  • Multiply the ones row
  • Trade up if the row is full
  • Add the tens that traded up
  • Multiply the tens row
12
Stretch: 6 × 47 =
13
Draw the beads for 3 × 14 on the empty frame. Trade if you need to.
14
How do you know when to trade up? Tell it in your own words.
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Answer key · Set A
Multiplying by one digit
124 Four rows of six ones: 6, 12, 18, 24.
2Trade two tens up, keep four ones A row holds only ten, so twenty ones trade up for two tens. Four ones stay on the ones row.
38 Four groups of two tens make eight tens.
410 8 tens and 2 more tens fill the tens row: ten tens.
5one hundred A full row trades up. Ten tens make one hundred, one bead on the hundreds row.
6C One hundred, no tens and four ones is 104: one bead up top, none in the middle, four on the ones row.
790 5 × 8 ones is 40 ones: four tens trade up. Then 5 tens and 4 more make 9 tens: 90.
8False 7 × 6 is 42 ones: 4 tens and 2 ones. Then 7 tens and 4 more make 11 tens, which is 112.
9True 4 × 9 is 36 ones: 3 tens and 6 ones. Then 4 tens and 3 more make 7 tens: 76.
10To add the ten that traded up 3 × 4 is 12 ones, so one ten trades up. 3 tens and the traded ten make 4 tens: 42, not 32.
111, 2, 4, 3 Start with the ones, so every trade climbs up the frame.
12282 6 × 7 is 42 ones: 4 tens and 2 ones. 6 × 4 tens is 24 tens, and 4 more make 28 tens: 2 hundreds and 8 tens.
14Your own words: a grown-up reads it.
Mark each answer, count the right ones and write the score on the sheet.